Background Recent data have shown that sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) reduced not only the incidences of restenosis but also of target vessel revascularization (TVR). CYPHER and FIREBIRD stents are both widely used SES in China.However,comparative data concerning differences in long-term safety and efficacy regarding CYPHER and FIREBIRD stents in the Chinese population are still not available.Methods From April 2004 to October 2006,3979 consecutive patients who underwent successful SES (FIREBIRD 2274;CYPHER 1705) implantation were prospectively enrolled into this study. All enrolled patients were divided into two groups based on stent type. Follow-up data,including death,myocardial infarction (MI),thrombosis,target lesion revascularization (TLR),TVR,and major adverse cardiac events (MACE,the composite of death,MI,and TVR) were obtained at 24 months. Coxs proportional-hazards models were used to assess relative risks of all the outcomemeasures between the two groups before and after propensity match.Results Unadjusted clinical outcomes demonstrated higher TVR (hazard ratio (HR) 1.78,95%Cl 1.26-2.50) and MACE (HR 1.40,95%C/1.08-1.82) for patients treated with FIREBIRD SES. After propensity match,the results showed a non-significant trend towards superiority of the CYPHER stent in all the analyzed parameters,however,no significant differences were found for all events at 24 months between FIREBIRD and CYPHER groups,and all thrombosis rates by Academic Research Consortium (ARC) definition were comparable between the two groups.Conclusions In this large,real-world population,the use of domestic FIREBIRD SES in China was associated with nearly the same safety and efficacy versus the imported CYPHER SES. FIREBIRD SES can be taken as an alternative for CYPHER SES in daily practice.