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一、平瓣类花瓣全部开展,仅基部结合。现代菊花品类纷繁,仪态万千,艳布世界,蔚为大观。这首当归功于我国自晋唐以来长期的栽培选育,这种有意识的人为培育为世界花卉园艺史做出了卓越贡献。育成现代菊花的原始亲本,起源于中华大地山野自生的小菊经天然杂交变异形成的杂种复合体,这些杂种复合体历经演化、发展,进而成为现代菊花变幻无穷的庞大种群。我国菊花历史记载始于西周,艺菊栽培始于晋唐。丰富的品种资源,传统的栽培技艺,现今仍居世界领先地位。现代艺菊在继承我国几千年传统技术的基础上,结合现代生物学生长发育的理论,发展成一套现代菊花栽培的理论和技术相结合的完整体系。《全国菊花品种分类》确定以品种丰富并能全面表现菊花品种特性的秋菊大菊品系为对象,以瓣类和花型为分类依据,共分5个瓣类和30个花型。本文图片精选自明清至近代我国固有的传统名菊和近年自育的新品种,并以现代艺菊最高表现形式——标本菊的栽培观赏为标准,供读者鉴赏。
First, the flat petal petals all carry out, only the base combination. Variety of modern chrysanthemums, deportment, Yanbu world, a spectacular. This should be attributed to our long-term cultivation and breeding since the Jin and Tang dynasties. This conscious man has made outstanding contributions to cultivating the world history of flower and horticulture. The original parents of modern chrysanthemum flower, which originated from the native wild chinensis in China, are hybrids formed by natural hybrid variation. These hybrids have evolved and developed and become a huge population of modern chrysanthemums. Chrysanthemum history in China began in the Western Zhou Dynasty, Yi Ju cultivation began in the Jin and Tang Dynasties. Rich varieties of resources, the traditional cultivation techniques, is still the world’s leading position. On the basis of inheriting several thousand years’ traditional technology in our country and combining with the theory of the modern biology development, the modern art Juju has developed into a complete system integrating theory and technology of modern chrysanthemum cultivation. The “Chrysanthemum variety classification” is determined to be based on the petals and flower types, and is divided into 5 petals and 30 flower types. This picture is from the Ming and Qing dynasties to modern China’s traditional name Chrysanthemum and self-breeding new varieties in recent years, and the highest form of modern art chrysanthemum - cultivation of ornamental chrysanthemums as the standard for readers to appreciate.