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胎儿和新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症(alloimmune thrombocytopenia,AIT)的发生是由于胎儿的血小板特异性抗原刺激母体产生同种抗体而引起的。胎儿的这种特异性抗原来源于父亲。通常,胎儿和新生儿发生严重AIT绝大多数是由于胎儿-母体PIA1抗原不相容所致,估计这种病例有20％可并发颅内出血。最近,在挪威和苏格兰进行的AIT发生率的前瞻性研究中发现因PIA1所致的新生儿AIT的发病率大约是1％。由于AIT与其他病因引起的新生儿血小板减少症的治疗方法不同,故对AIT的快速诊断将有助于患儿获得最佳治疗。本研究比较了血清学诊断为AIT的新生儿与血清学不支持诊断为
Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (AIT) occurs because the fetus’s platelet-specific antigen stimulates the mother to produce alloantibodies. This fetus specific antigen derived from the father. Often, the vast majority of severe AIT in fetuses and newborns results from incompatibility of the fetal-maternal PIA1 antigen and it is estimated that 20% of these cases may have intracranial hemorrhage. Recently, a prospective study of the incidence of AIT in Norway and Scotland found that the incidence of neonatal AIT due to PIA1 was about 1%. Because AIT and other causes of neonatal thrombocytopenia caused by different treatment methods, so the rapid diagnosis of AIT will help children get the best treatment. This study compared serological diagnosis of AIT with serologically unsupported diagnosis in neonates