唯物史观和诺思的制度变迁理论都提供了解释人类社会历史变化的广阔视角,但它们对于这种变化的动力机制、行为主体、方式、路径的看法却极为不同,在私有制的适应性效能方面也得出截然不同的结论。对二者的比较研究有助于加深我们对制度变迁过程的理解,更好地思考中国经济转型中的问题。 Both the historical materialism and the institutional change theory of North provide broad perspectives to explain the historical changes in human society. However, their views on the motivation mechanism, actors, methods and approaches of such changes are extremely different. In the adaptive efficiency of private ownership Also reached a completely different conclusion. A comparative study of the two will help to deepen our understanding of the process of institutional change and better reflect on the problems in China’s economic restructuring.