中枢神经系统主要由神经元和神经胶质细胞组成,其中星形胶质细胞数量最多,约占胶质细胞总数的70%。它不仅对神经元起支持、保护和营养作用,更能促进神经元的生长,提高神经元兴奋活性。但当慢性脑缺血时,星形胶质细胞过度反应性增生,可产生多种细胞因子和炎性介质,并可通过释放细胞毒性物质和炎症介质发挥神经毒性作用,抑制神经的再生功能,加重神经元的损伤。胶质源性纤维酸性 Central nervous system mainly consists of neurons and glial cells, of which the largest number of astrocytes, accounting for 70% of the total number of glial cells. It not only plays a supporting, protecting and nourishing role on neurons, but also promotes the growth of neurons and increases the excitatory activity of neurons. However, when chronic cerebral ischemia, astrocytes hyperplasia, can produce a variety of cytokines and inflammatory mediators, and through the release of cytotoxic substances and inflammatory mediators play a neurotoxic role, inhibit nerve regeneration, Increased neuronal damage. Glial fibrillary acidic