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目的分析城乡不同孕前体重指数(BMI)孕妇每周体重增长的状况,找出存在的问题以制定相应的对策。方法选择天津市城市254例和农村70例孕妇为研究对象,对其不同孕前BMI(<18.5、18.5~24.9、≥25 kg/m2)的孕妇周体重增长状况进行总结分析。结果不同孕前BMI孕妇孕期平均增重分别为17.80 kg、17.86 kg和14.92 kg,体重超重率达80%以上;3组孕前BMI城乡间无差别,早孕超重率25.30%,孕20~28周、28~32周平均体重增加最多。低体重组以20%~40%、适宜体重组以60%~70%、超重/肥胖组以70%~110%的方式递增,超出推荐的周体重。孕期增重致巨大儿发生率13.27%,城乡无差别;妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发生率5.25%,城市高于农村(P<0.01)。结论孕20~32周是脂肪聚集期,控制该阶段体重过度增长为孕期体重管理的切入点。
Objective To analyze the status of weekly weight gain of pregnant women with different body mass index (BMI) in urban and rural areas and find out the existing problems to make corresponding countermeasures. Methods Totally 254 pregnant women in Tianjin City and 70 pregnant women in rural areas were selected as study subjects. The pregnant women with different pre-pregnancy BMI (<18.5, 18.5-24.9, ≥25 kg / m2) were analyzed. Results The average weight gain of pregnant women with different pre-pregnancy BMI was 17.80 kg, 17.86 kg and 14.92 kg respectively, and overweight rate was over 80%. There was no difference between the 3 groups before BMI in urban and rural areas. The overweight rate of early pregnancy was 25.30% ~ 32 weeks average weight gain the most. Low body weight group with 20% to 40%, suitable body weight group 60% to 70%, overweight / obesity group 70% to 110% way to increase, exceeding the recommended weekly body weight. The incidence of macrosomia in pregnancy was 13.27%, with no difference between urban and rural areas. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was 5.25% in urban areas and higher in rural areas than in rural areas (P <0.01). Conclusion Pregnancy 20 ~ 32 weeks is the period of fat accumulation, and controlling the excessive growth of body weight at this stage is the entry point of weight management during pregnancy.