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采用UDEC软件模拟了浅埋煤层4,5,6,7 m采高煤壁变形与片帮过程,揭示了大采高煤壁片帮表现为受压“柱条”失稳特征。建立了煤壁片帮的柱条模型,通过柱条挠度分析得出了大采高工作面煤壁最容易发生片帮的部位在0.6倍的采高处。研究认为随着采高的增大,塑性区宽度增加,煤壁柱条增多,柱条水平位移增大,柱条稳定性降低。通过加强顶板支护、加快推进速度和合理的护帮,改善柱条的约束条件,可以有效提高煤壁稳定性,控制煤壁片帮。
UDEC software was used to simulate the deformation and piling process of 4, 5, 6, 7 m thick coal seam in shallow coal seam. It is revealed that the coal mines with large mining height show the characteristics of “column” instability. The column model of coal wall slab is established, and the column deflection analysis shows that the coal slab wall with the most high working face is most likely to be slab-topped 0.6 times higher. The results show that with the increase of mining height, the width of plastic zone increases, the number of columnar wall increases, the horizontal displacement of column increases, and the stability of column decreases. By strengthening the roof support, speeding up the propulsion and reasonable help to improve the constraints of the column can effectively improve the stability of the coal wall and control the coal wall to help.