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判例制度是由个案中导出法律规则,再将这些规则适用于个别的案件,规则的产生是个别的,这就赋予了法官较多的自由裁量权。为防止法官滥用自由裁量权,判例必须是遵循严格的程序和具备一定的要素才能得以形成。考察两大法系国家的判例制度并结合我国的具体情况,中国判例制度应该包括:司法独立、完善的审级制度、高素质的法官、法官享有司法解释权、论证充分的判决书和得到及时整理和汇编的判例等方面生成要素。
The precedent system is derived from the case law rules, and then apply these rules in individual cases, the rules are individual, which gives the judges more discretion. In order to prevent the judge from abusing the discretion, the precedent must follow a strict procedure and certain elements to be formed. Examining the system of case law in the two major legal systems and combining the specific conditions of our country, China’s case law system should include: judicial independence, a sound trial-level system, high-quality judges, judges enjoying the power of judicial interpretation, sufficient judgments and timely defragmentation Compilation of jurisprudence and other aspects of the generated elements.