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本文从有关劳动分工与组织形态的文献出发,重新审视关于可行的社会主义经济学的争论,从中得出两个主要论点。首先,在这场争论中,主要参与者对市场社会主义、计划社会主义和参与式社会主义是否行得通,以及在什么条件下才行得通,都是仅提出了不完全的解释。其次,关于可行的社会主义经济学的各种对立论题,可以借助经济研究中的技术一经济范式文献来加以综合,以得出较为全面的解释。技术一经济范式的理论基础,是有关不同的劳动分工原则对经济发展的意义,以及整合分工的各种体制的比较效率特性。我们将表明,关于可行的社会主义经济的不同理论反映了不同的技术一经济范式,而这些理论能否成立,都有赖于特定的历史条件,即特定的经济发展路径以及社会制度安排。
Based on the literature on division of labor and organizational form, this essay reexamines the debate on viable socialist economics and draws two main arguments. First of all, in this debate, the main participants only provide an incomplete explanation of whether market socialism, planned socialism and participatory socialism work well and under what conditions. Second, various contradictions on viable socialist economics can be summed up with the aid of technical-economic paradigms in economic research to arrive at a more comprehensive explanation. The theoretical basis of a technical-economic paradigm is about the significance of the different principles of division of labor on economic development and the comparative efficiency characteristics of the various systems that integrate labor division. We will show that the different theories on a viable socialist economy reflect different techno-economic paradigms. Whether these theories can be established depends on certain historical conditions, namely specific economic development paths and social institutional arrangements.