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目的对比分析A1级妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)产妇与非GDM产妇,旨在了解其间差异。方法足月A1级GDM产妇102例(研究组)与同期分娩资料完整口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)结果正常的足月妊娠产妇94例(对照组)作对照研究。以年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、生产方式、产次、新生儿体重、羊水污染情况及血糖三项结果为观察指标,对两组数据进行统计分析。结果研究组产妇的平均年龄、产次、剖宫产率、巨大儿率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),且A1级GDM产妇OGTT空腹血糖、服75 g葡萄糖后1 h血糖、2 h血糖异常检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论多产、高龄为A1级GDM的高风险因素,OGTT筛查结果 ,血糖异常数量在空腹、1 h后、2 h后并无差异,OGTT筛查GDM产妇是特异有效的,且A1级GDM产妇与OGTT正常产妇妊娠中期胰岛素的分泌、胰岛素敏感性和胰岛素糖处理能力下降40%~50%。
Objective To compare and analyze A1 grade gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non-GDM mothers in order to understand the differences between them. Methods Totally 94 pregnant women with full-term oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) who had normal OGTT at the same period were enrolled in the study. The data of two groups were statistically analyzed with age, body mass index (BMI), mode of production, birth time, newborn weight, amniotic fluid contamination and blood glucose as the observation indexes. Results The average age, parity, cesarean section rate and macrosomia rate in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The level of OGTT fasting plasma glucose There was no significant difference in the detection rate of 1 hour blood glucose and 2 hours blood glucose after 75 g glucose (P> 0.05). Conclusions The multi-productive and advanced age are the high-risk factors for grade A1 GDM. The results of OGTT screening and the number of abnormal blood glucose in fasting, no difference after 1 h and 2 h, OGTT screening GDM maternal is specific and effective, and grade A1 GDM Maternal and OGTT normal maternal third trimester of insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and insulin glucose treatment capacity decreased by 40% to 50%.