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目的了解本起小学流行性腮腺炎暴发的流行特征,为以后预防、控制流行性腮腺炎暴发提供依据。方法根据初次报告、进程报告、结案报告的相关信息材料进行补充和完善,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果本次暴发发生在5-6月,病例历时32 d,共发生43例,学生罹患率为12.32%。有两个发病高峰,峰值期较短。病例集中在301班和502班,占病例总数的72.09%。年龄为8~14岁,男生发病31例,女生发病12例,男女性别比为2.58︰1,学生免疫史占20.92%。结论学校一旦发生流行性腮腺炎,应及时进行报告,并对患者进行隔离治疗,加强对密切接触者的观察,发生暴发疫情时可进行腮腺炎或麻腮风疫苗应急接种,提高学生的免疫力,减少流行性腮腺炎病例的发生。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps outbreak in primary school and provide basis for future prevention and control of mumps outbreak. Methods Based on the information of the initial report, process report and case report, the related information materials were supplemented and perfected, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze. Results The outbreak occurred in May-June, the case lasted 32 days, a total of 43 cases, the student attack rate was 12.32%. There are two peak incidence, the peak period is shorter. The cases concentrated in 301 classes and 502 classes, accounting for 72.09% of the total number of cases. Age 8 to 14 years, 31 cases of male onset, 12 cases of girls, male to female ratio was 2.58: 1, the history of student immunization accounted for 20.92%. Conclusion In the event of mumps in school, timely reports should be made and the patients treated for isolation should be strengthened to strengthen the observation of close contacts. In the event of an outbreak, emergency vaccination of mumps or mumps vaccine may be conducted to improve students’ immunity , Reduce the incidence of mumps cases.