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目的探讨新生儿窦性心动过缓的发病情况及临床特点。方法对2011年12月至2012年12月我院产科出生的新生儿常规行心电图检查,选择胎龄≥37周、体重≥2500g、心电图检查证实为窦性心动过缓的新生儿为研究对象,收集病史,结合实验室及辅助检查明确病因;治疗以原发病为主,辅以营养心肌药物,随访生后3个月内的转归。结果研究期间共对4600名新生儿进行心电图检查,筛查出73例窦性心动过缓患儿,检出率1.6%。病因包括:窒息缺氧25例(34.2%),感染8例(11.0%),电解质紊乱3例(4.1%),室间隔缺损和窦房结先天性发育异常各1例(各1.4%),原因不明35例(48.0%)。随访3个月痊愈71例,室间隔缺损和窦房结先天性发育异常患儿因原发病未治愈仍有窦性心动过缓。结论新生儿窦性心动过缓多为功能性和暂时性,预后与原发病有关。
Objective To investigate the incidence and clinical features of neonatal sinus bradycardia. Methods From December 2011 to December 2012, neonates born in obstetrics and gynecology department of our hospital underwent conventional electrocardiogram (ECG) examination. Neonates with gestational age ≥37 weeks, body weight ≥2500 g and electrocardiogram confirmed as sinus bradycardia were selected as the research object. Collecting medical history, combined with laboratory and laboratory tests to identify a clear cause; treatment of primary disease, supplemented with nutritional cardiomyopathy, follow-up of 3 months after birth outcome. Results A total of 4,600 newborns were examined by electrocardiogram during the study period, and 73 children with sinus bradycardia were screened out with a detection rate of 1.6%. Etiology included asphyxia and hypoxia in 25 cases (34.2%), infection in 8 cases (11.0%), electrolyte imbalance in 3 cases (4.1%), ventricular septal defect and sinoatrial node congenital dysplasia in 1 case (1.4% each) For unknown reasons, 35 cases (48.0%). Follow-up 3 months, 71 cases were cured, ventricular septal defect and sinus node congenital dysplasia still untreated patients with sinus bradycardia. Conclusions Sinus bradycardia in neonates is mostly functional and temporary, and the prognosis is related to the primary disease.