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目的了解新生儿出生缺陷的发生率及相关因素。方法监测2009年1月~2013年12月出生的出生缺陷新生儿病例,分析出生缺陷的主要类型和相关因素。结果:发生出生缺陷609例,占同年围产儿分娩人数9.70‰,前三位的出生缺陷为:先天性心脏病(4.57‰)、肢体手足畸形(1.53‰)、泌尿系统畸形(0.82‰)。农民孕妇(χ2=13.20,P<0.01),孕妇年龄<20岁及≥35岁(χ2=16.28,P<0.01),男婴新生儿畸形比率高。结论新生儿畸形与母亲职业、年龄以及胎儿的性别有关。应加强孕前及孕期保健,积极开展产前诊断工作,降低出生缺陷发生率。
Objective To understand the incidence of neonatal birth defects and related factors. Methods The neonatal cases of birth defects were monitored from January 2009 to December 2013 and the main types of birth defects and the related factors were analyzed. Results: There were 609 cases of birth defects, accounting for 9.70 ‰ of the number of perinatal delivery in the same year. The first three birth defects were congenital heart disease (4.57 ‰), limb deformities (1.53 ‰) and urinary system malformations (0.82 ‰). Peasant pregnant women (χ2 = 13.20, P <0.01), pregnant women <20 years old and ≥35 years old (χ2 = 16.28, P <0.01). Conclusion Neonatal malformations are related to maternal occupation, age and sex of the fetus. Prenatal and prenatal care should be strengthened and prenatal diagnosis should be actively carried out to reduce the incidence of birth defects.