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目的 分析掌握血吸虫病新流行区形成的主要因素及流行特点。方法 收集湖南省1979～2003年血吸虫病新流行区的螺情、病情以及传染源等有关疫情调查资料。结果 所有新发现血吸虫病疫区,都是先发现患者,甚至是出现了急性病例。且一旦发现新的流行区,居民感染都很高(最高村民组达87.1％)。特别是新流行区多集中在城郊、城镇附近的沟港、滩地。结论 以上新流行地区成因大多是通过打湖草、捞鱼虾(鱼卵草)以及渔船民作业、运输工具将钉螺带入扩散所致,传染源为当地人群到疫区下湖作业感染,以及从疫区迁入病例和购进的家畜。
Objective To analyze and master the main factors and epidemiological characteristics of the new endemic area of schistosomiasis. Methods The epidemiological data of spirochetes, disease and infectious origin of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province from 1979 to 2003 were collected. Results All newly discovered schistosomiasis-infected areas were patients first discovered and even acute cases. In addition, residents were highly infected (up to 87.1% of the villagers group) once a new endemic area was discovered. In particular, the new popular areas and more concentrated in the suburbs, ditch near the town, beach. Conclusions Most of the causes of the above new endemic areas are mostly caused by lake hullers, fish-feeding shrimp (oyster grass) and fishing boat people. Transportation means that snails will be brought into the area for diffusion. The source of infection is the infection of locals to the lake in the affected areas, and Immigration from affected areas to purchased livestock.