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岩石通常由不同细观组分组成,细观组分的类型与相互作用决定了岩石的宏观力学性质。以北山花岗岩为例,使用室内试验视频和阈值分割技术确定细观组分的类别与位置,将细观组分颗粒和胶结物分别用圆盘和平行黏结来表征,细观力学性质使用颗粒力学性质参数(弹性模量、刚度比、摩擦因数)和平行黏结力学性质参数(弹性模量、刚度比、法向强度均值、切向强度均值)7个指标来表征,宏观力学性质使用弹性模量、泊松比、峰值应力3个指标来表征,使用颗粒流代码、像素和颗粒循环技术,建立考虑细观组分实际分布的颗粒流模型,进行7因素、4水平的32次正交数值模拟试验,研究宏细观力学性质关系和细观力学性质参数的调整方法。结果表明,数字图像处理技术可以有效用于建立基于细观组分实际分布的颗粒流模型;宏观弹性模量–细观弹性模量、宏观泊松比–细观刚度比、宏观峰值应力–细观强度具有很好的对应关系;宏细观弹性模量、泊松比、刚度比有较好的相关关系。由于细观组分的实际分布与力学特点控制了岩石的变形破坏过程,研究成果对估计岩石细观力学参数、预测宏观力学性状具有一定的参考价值。
Rocks are usually composed of different meso-components, and the types and interactions of meso-components determine the macroscopic mechanical properties of the rock. Taking Beishan granite as an example, the classification and location of the mesostructures were determined by using laboratory test video and threshold segmentation techniques. The mesostructured particles and cements were characterized by circular disks and parallel bonds, respectively. The micromechanics properties were determined by using particle mechanics The seven parameters of mechanical properties (elastic modulus, stiffness ratio, friction coefficient) and parallel bonding mechanical properties (elastic modulus, stiffness ratio, normal strength and mean value of tangential strength) , Poisson’s ratio and peak stress. Particle flow model considering the actual distribution of mesoscopic components was established using particle flow code, pixel and particle circulation technology, and 32 orthogonal numerical simulations of 7 factors and 4 levels Test, study the relationship between macro and micro mechanical properties and meso-mechanical properties adjustment method. The results show that the digital image processing technology can be effectively used to establish the particle flow model based on the actual distribution of the meso components. The macro elastic modulus - the meso - elastic modulus, the macro Poisson ’s ratio - the meso - aspect ratio, the macroscopic peak stress - Viewpoint intensity has a good correspondence; macro-elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, stiffness ratio has a good correlation. Because of the actual distribution and mechanics characteristics of meso-components control the deformation and failure process of rock, the research results have certain reference value for estimating micromechanical parameters of rock and predicting macroscopic mechanical properties.