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目的了解新疆裕民县居民对包虫病防治知识的知晓情况及相关行为和生活方式,为制定科学的防治计划提供依据。方法选取裕民县7个农/牧区(乡、镇)和一所学校,采取随机走访式问卷调查,了解当地居民对包虫病防治知识的知晓情况和防病行为并进行评价。结果 2009—2010年共调查848人,包虫病防治知识知晓率为42.81%,防病行为正确率为54.95%,不同职业的居民包虫病防治知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.689,P<0.01),不同族别(χ2=13.237)的居民防病行为正确率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),防病行为正确率并不随知识知晓率的高低而改变;2011—2013年161团学校学生包虫病防治知识知晓率(χ2=58.539)和防病行为正确率(χ2=63.778)分别为51.67%和55.28%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),防病知识知晓率和防病行为正确率呈逐年上升趋势。结论当地居民知识知晓率和防病行为正确率均不高,但通过对学生逐年教育,效果明显;建议当地加强包虫病防治知识的健康教育工作,同时应当组建宣传培训队伍,加大经费投入,长期进行包虫病宣传教育工作。
Objective To understand the knowledge of hydatid disease prevention and control and the related behaviors and lifestyles of residents in Yumin County, Xinjiang, to provide the basis for the development of a scientific prevention and control plan. Methods Seven farms (townships) and one school in Yumin County were selected. Random survey questionnaires were used to understand and evaluate the local residents’ awareness of hydatid disease prevention and control. Results A total of 848 human immunodeficiency virus (NPC) patients were investigated during 2009-2010. The rate of awareness of hydatid disease prevention and control was 42.81% and the correct rate of disease prevention was 54.95%. There was significant difference in the rate of awareness of hydatid disease prevention and control among residents of different occupations (χ2 = 24.689 , P <0.01). There was significant difference in the correct rate of residents’ disease prevention among different ethnic groups (χ2 = 13.237) (P <0.01). The correct rate of disease prevention did not change with the rate of knowledge awareness. The awareness rate of echinococcosis prevention and control (χ2 = 58.539) and the correct rate of disease prevention (χ2 = 63.778) in 161-year group were 51.67% and 55.28%, respectively, with significant difference (P <0.01) The correct rate of awareness and disease prevention showed a rising trend year by year. Conclusion The rate of awareness of local residents and the correct rate of disease prevention are not high, but the effect is obvious by educating students year by year. It is suggested that local health education work to strengthen the prevention and treatment of hydatid disease should be established. At the same time, publicity and training teams should be set up to increase funding , Long-term echinococcosis publicity and education.