由于历史与现实原因,产粮大县、偏远县乡、资源相对匮乏的地方,经济发展越来越多地受到技术、资金、市场等多种因素的制约,部分县乡财政困难成为市场经济体制发展进程中一种难以避免和超越的现象,在一些地方甚至影响了基层政权机关的正常运转。县乡财政困难引起了党中央、国务院的高度重视,本届财政部党组把推动缓解县乡财政困难作为一项重要的政治任务来抓,经过充分调查研究、反复征求意见,提出了“激励约束,综合治理”的总体思路,形成了以“三奖一补”为核心内容的一系列综合政策措施。在中央财政和各级地方政府的积极努力下,财政困难县财政保障能力大大提高,县级人均财力增长迅速,精简机构人员取得显著成效,县乡财政运行状况大为改善。本期专题从不同侧面反映了“三奖一补”政策实施以来所取得的显著成效。 Due to historical and practical reasons, large-scale grain-producing counties, remote counties and townships, where resources are scarcer, economic development is increasingly constrained by various factors such as technology, funds and markets, and some county and township financial difficulties have become market-oriented economic systems An unavoidable and transcendental phenomenon in the development process has in some places even affected the normal operation of grass-roots government organs. County and township financial difficulties caused the Central Party Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the current Ministry of Finance party group to promote the alleviation of county and township financial difficulties as an important political task to grasp, after full investigation and study, repeated solicitation of opinions, put forward the “incentive Constraints and Comprehensive Governance ”, formed a series of comprehensive policies and measures with“ three awards and one subsidy ”as the core content. With the active efforts of the Central Government and local governments at all levels, the financial security capability of counties with financial difficulties has been greatly enhanced, the per capita financial resources at the county level have been growing rapidly, and the personnel of the institutions have been streamlined. Significant improvements have been made in the financial operation of counties and townships. This issue from different aspects reflects the remarkable achievements made since the implementation of the “three awards and one subsidy” policy.