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针对快沿方波电磁脉冲的防护问题,分析了不同半导体防护器件的阻抗变化对电磁脉冲的响应时间、端口传输功率的影响,得出了阻抗失配具有良好的方波电磁脉冲抑制作用和响应速度快的特性;为提高功率容量,采用了微带滤波器,通过1/4波长原理,仿真、设计、制作了1/4波长微带带通滤波器,频率范围3.2～6.2 GHz,插入损耗≤1.8 dB,阻抗为50 Ω,在1 GHz处的带外抑制为30 dB;利用高频噪声发生器(INS-4040)产生的快沿方波脉冲对其进行测试,结果表明此微带带通滤波器对快沿方波脉冲具有很好的抑制作用,同时具有亚纳秒的响应时间.,For the fast rising edge square wave electromagnetic pulse protection problem,by analyzing the effect of different semiconductor protection devices’ impedance variation on the response time for the electromagnetic pulse and port transmission power,this paper draws a conclusion that impedance mismatch has the character of good suppression of square wave electromagnetic pulse and fast response speed.In order to improve the power capacity,a micro-strip filter is used in this paper.By the principle of wavelength 1/4,the 1/4 wavelength microstrip band-pass filter is designed and fabricated.The passband is 3.2-6.2 GHz,insertion loss is less than 1.8 dB,the impedance is matched to 50 Ω,the out of band rejection is 30 dB at 1 GHz.The fast edge in this paper is generated by the high frequency square wave pulse noise generator (INS-4040),the microstrip bandpass filter has a good suppressing effect for the fast rising edge square wave,also has a response time of subnanosecond.