以哈尔滨市某地高铁、高锰、高氨氮(平均浓度分别为15、1.0、2.2 mg/L)的地下水作为处理对象,通过调节其p H值分别为6.5、7.0和7.5,考察不同p H值条件下对铁、锰和氨氮的去除效果,并对填料的表面形态进行SEM和EDS分析。结果表明:p H值越高,滤池挂膜时间越短,对锰和氨氮的去除效能越好。在p H值为7.5、7.0和6.5时,滤池分别在第40、80和170天表现出去除氨氮的能力,80、110和190 d后不同p H值下的去除效果趋于一致,出水值维持在0.4~0.5 mg/L。p H值越高越有利于锰的去除,p H值为7.5时滤池出水锰含量均可达标;p H值为7.0的滤池也有一定的除锰能力,锰砂滤池出水为0.3 mg/L,石英砂出水为0.6 mg/L;p H值为6.5的滤池运行220 d后仍没有除锰效果。p H值对滤池除铁没有影响,运行150 d后,出水铁含量均在0.3 mg/L以下,除铁主要是依靠接触氧化作用。p H值越低则滤料表面铁含量越高,铁深入滤柱下层,干扰锰质活性滤膜的形成进而影响对锰的去除。 Taking the groundwater with high-speed railway, high manganese and high ammonia (average concentrations of 15, 1.0, and 2.2 mg / L respectively) in Harbin as treatment targets, the p H values ​​were 6.5, 7.0 and 7.5, Value of iron, manganese and ammonia nitrogen removal effect, and the surface morphology of filler SEM and EDS analysis. The results showed that the higher the value of p H, the shorter the filtration time, the better the removal efficiency of manganese and ammonia nitrogen. At p H values ​​of 7.5, 7.0 and 6.5, the filter showed the ability to remove ammonia nitrogen on days 40, 80 and 170, respectively, and the removal efficiencies at different p H values ​​after 80, 110 and 190 d tended to be consistent, with effluent Value maintained at 0.4 ~ 0.5 mg / L. The higher the value of p H, the more conducive to the removal of manganese. When the value of p H is 7.5, the content of manganese in the effluent of the filter can reach the standard. The filter with p H value of 7.0 also has certain ability of removing manganese and the effluent of manganese sand filter is 0.3 mg / L, quartz sand effluent 0.6 mg / L; p H value of 6.5 filter operation 220 d still no effect of manganese removal. The p H value had no effect on the iron removal of the filter. After 150 days of operation, the iron contents in the effluent were all below 0.3 mg / L, and the iron removal was mainly based on the contact oxidation. The lower the value of p H, the higher the iron content on the surface of the filter media. The deeper the iron is, the lower layer of the filter column interferes with the formation of the manganese-based active membrane and thus the removal of manganese.