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目的了解涂阳肺结核患者家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核的检出率及有关的影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,对4省(市)8个县(区)2008年登记的涂阳肺结核患者及其家庭密切接触者进行按照规定程序进行调查分析。结果涂阳肺结核患者家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核患者检出率为2.7%,涂阳肺结核患者检出率为0.6%。家庭密切接触者的年龄、文化程度、与涂阳肺结核患者的关系以及是否与患者居住同一房间等因素为主要影响因素。结论涂阳肺结核家庭密切接触者调查是早期发现活动性肺结核患者的有效手段,对涂阳肺结核密切接触者应及时进行结核病筛查和和随访观察。
Objective To understand the detection rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis among the close contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and its influencing factors. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their close family contacts registered in 2008 in 8 counties (districts) of 4 provinces (cities) in accordance with the prescribed procedures. Results The detection rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis among the close contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients was 2.7% and that of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients was 0.6%. Family close contact with the age, education level, and smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and whether the same room with patients and other factors as the main factors. Conclusions Surveillance of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in close contact with family members is an effective method to detect active pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the early stage. Screening and follow-up of tuberculosis should be timely conducted in close contact with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis.