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日本在由传统社会走向现代社会的过程中,女性社会角色的变迁从特定的角度反映了日本现代化的某些重要特征,是一个重要的研究课题。本文以明治维新以来的日本女性社会角色的变迁为研究对象,阐释了近代日本社会改革中女性角色的法律定位,论述了国家、教育、伦理对女性角色的塑造,考察了职业女性、参政过程等女性角色从家庭向社会转换的艰难与曲折,分析了战后日本民主化改革对女性实现法律、权利、地位上的平等重要作用,同时指出了战后日本现代化过程中女性社会角色变迁面临的局限性。
In the course of moving from traditional society to modern society, the change of the female social role in Japan reflects some important features of Japan’s modernization from a specific perspective and is an important research topic. This essay takes the change of the Japanese female social role since the Meiji Restoration as the research object, explains the legal orientation of the female role in the social reform in modern Japan, discusses the shaping of the female role by the state, education and ethics, examines the career women, the political participation process and so on. The difficult and tortuous transition of the female role from family to society, the important role of post-war Japan’s democratization reform in realizing women’s equality in law, rights and status, and also points out the limitations faced by the changes of women’s social roles in post-war Japan’s modernization Sex.