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以宁夏银川平原地区温室越冬番茄土壤为研究对象,以宁夏市场上广泛销售的5种秸秆菌剂为处理,以不添加秸秆生物反应堆不添加菌剂为CK1,以添加秸秆生物反应堆不添加菌剂为CK2,研究秸秆反应堆复配发酵菌剂对番茄土壤碳氮比及酶活性的影响,筛选出有利于提高越冬番茄土壤质量的菌剂处理。结果表明:SD(秸秆反应堆+山东秸秸灵发酵复合菌剂,施用量为8g/m2)、HN(秸秆反应堆+河南沃德秸秆生物发酵菌剂,施用量为8mL/m2)、YD(秸秆反应堆+远东秸秆生物发酵菌剂,施用量为8mL/m2)能有效提高土壤表层碳氮比含量,NX(秸秆反应堆+宁夏诺德曼发酵复合菌剂,施用量为8mL/m2)对提高20~40cm土壤碳氮比有较好的效果且持久力强;NX、SD、HN有效提高了土壤碱性磷酸酶的活性,且盛果期处理SD对提高土壤碱性磷酸酶活性效果最为显著;SD有效提高了盛果期和拉秧期0~20cm土壤纤维素酶的活性;添加秸秆和菌剂处理显著提高了土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶活性,且SD、NX、YD能够有效提高脲酶活性,HN、SD、NX能有效提高土壤蔗糖活性。总之,秸秆添加菌剂对越冬番茄土壤质量有较好的改善效果,其中NX、SD最有利于促进土壤有机碳和酶活性的增加从而改善土壤养分状况。
To Ningxia Yinchuan plains overwintering tomato soil in greenhouse as the research object, Ningxia market widely sold five kinds of straw fungi agent for treatment, without adding straw biological reactants without added bacterium as CK1 to add straw biological reactants without added bacteriostat As CK2, the effects of compound ferment fungicides with straw reactor on C and N and enzyme activities of tomato soils were screened out, and the fungicides that were conducive to improving the soil quality of overwintering tomato were screened out. The results showed that SD (straw reactor + Shandong straw spirit fermentation compound agent, application rate of 8g / m2), HN (straw reactor + Henan Ward straw biological fermentation agent, the application rate of 8mL / m2), YD Reactor + Far East straw bio-fermenting agent, application rate of 8mL / m2) can effectively improve the soil carbon and nitrogen content, NX (straw reactor + Ningxia Nordmann fermentation compound agent, the application rate of 8mL / m2) ~ 40cm soil C / N ratio had better effect and persistence; NX, SD, HN effectively increased soil alkaline phosphatase activity, and full-fruit stage treatment SD had the most significant effect on improving soil alkaline phosphatase activity; SD increased the activity of soil cellulase from 0-20 cm in full fruit stage and seedling raising stage. The addition of straw and fungicide significantly increased the activity of soil sucrase and urease, and SD, NX and YD could effectively increase the activity of urease, HN , SD, NX can effectively improve soil sucrose activity. In conclusion, straw addition of fungicide had a better effect on soil quality of overwintering tomato. Among them, NX and SD were the most beneficial to promote the increase of soil organic carbon and enzyme activity and thus improve soil nutrient status.