煤炭是关系国计民生的重要物质资料。我国是煤炭生产大国 ,也是煤炭消费大国 ,两者均居世界第一位。由于煤炭资源地理分布上的特点 ,北富南贫 ,西多东少 ,造成我国“北煤南运 ,西煤东调”的局面长期得不到改善。这种产地与销地的不一致 ,使产地的煤炭必须经过流通领域才能到达 Coal is an important material for the people’s livelihood. China is a big producer of coal and a major consumer of coal, both of which rank first in the world. Due to the geographical distribution of coal resources, the rich and poor in the north and the west in the east are less, resulting in a long-term lack of improvement in the situation of China’s “Northern Coal South Movement, West Coal East”. This inconsistency between the origin and the place of sale makes it necessary for the coal in the producing area to pass through the circulation area to reach it.