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邓小平建设有中国特色社会主义的理论，是对马克思、恩格斯创立的科学社会主义理论的继承和发展，在许多方面有重大突破和创新。本文从四个方面对这一理论作了深入具体的考察和阐释：１．它提出中国目前正处在社会主义初级阶段。丰富和发展了社会主义社会阶段划分的理论；２．它突破了把社会主义与市场经济完全对立起来的传统观念，提出了我国经济体制改革的目标是建立社会主义市场经济体制的理论；３．它提出在我国社会主义初级阶段仍然要利用国家资本主义这种经济形式，丰富和发展了马克思、恩格斯、列宁、毛泽东关于通过国家资本主义向社会主义过渡的理论；４．它把解放和发展生产力作为社会主义的一条基本原则和内在要求，丰富和发展了科学社会主义理论关于社会主义要创造高于资本主义的劳动生产率的思想
Deng Xiaoping’s theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics inherits and develops the theory of scientific socialism founded by Marx and Engels and has made major breakthroughs and innovations in many aspects. This article makes an in-depth and concrete investigation and explanation of this theory from four aspects: 1. It proposed that China is currently in the initial stage of socialism. Enrich and develop the theory of the division of stages of socialism; 2. It broke through the traditional concept of completely opposing socialism from the market economy and put forward the theory that the objective of the economic structural reform in our country is to establish a socialist market economic system. It proposes that the economic form of state capitalism still be used in our country’s primary stage of socialism to enrich and develop the theories of Marxism, Engels, Lenin and Mao Zedong about the transition to socialism through state capitalism. Taking liberation and development of productive forces as a basic principle and inherent requirement of socialism, it enriches and develops the idea of scientific socialism that socialism needs to create a higher productivity of labor than capitalism