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目的了解农村饮用水中多环芳烃的致癌风险。方法于2014年丰水期在淮河安徽段某区域农村12个地下饮用水水源采集水样,以固相萃取-高效液相色谱(HPLC)法检测水中8种致癌性多环芳烃[苯并(a)蒽、■、苯并(b)荧蒽、苯并(k)荧蒽、苯并(a)芘、二苯并(a,h)蒽、苯并(g,h,i)芘和茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘]的浓度,应用美国环保局(EPA)的健康风险评价方法评价致癌风险,采用SOS/umu试验检测水样遗传毒性并计算致癌风险;同时选择该区域3条河流,各采集1个水样进行对比。结果水中8种致癌性多环芳烃的总浓度为6.34~15.33 ng/L,除茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘未检出外,其余7种多环芳烃有不同程度(0.31~5.57ng/L)的检出,但均未超过GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》和GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》的限值。依据美国EPA的健康风险评价方法,15个采样点水样的多环芳烃致癌风险均在10~(-7)水平,2个地表水采样点水样的致癌风险接近10~(-6)的水平,存在潜在的致癌风险。SOS/umu试验显示,除1个地表水采样点的致癌风险在10~(-6)水平外,其余14个采样点的致癌风险均在10~(-7)水平。结论本次调查的农村饮用水中PAHs的浓度较低,致癌风险不明显,但当地地表水的潜在致癌风险应该引起关注。
Objective To understand the carcinogenic risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural drinking water. Methods Water samples were collected from 12 underground drinking water sources in rural areas of Anhui section of Huaihe River in the wet season in 2014. Eight kinds of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [benzo (a) (a) pyrene, dibenzo (a) h anthracene, benzo (g) h pyrene and benzo (b) fluoranthene and (1,2,3-cd) pyrene], the risk of cancer was evaluated by the EPA’s health risk assessment method, the SOS / umu test was used to detect the genotoxicity of water samples and the carcinogenic risk was calculated. At the same time, Region 3 rivers, each collecting a water sample for comparison. Results The total concentration of eight PAHs in water was 6.34 ~ 15.33 ng / L. The seven PAHs were detected in the range of 0.31 ~ 5.57ng / L), all of which did not exceed the limits of GB 5749-2006 “Drinking Water Quality Standard” and GB 3838-2002 “Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard”. According to the EPA’s health risk assessment method, the carcinogenic risk of PAHs at 15 sampling points is at the level of 10 -7, and the carcinogenic risk of water samples at 2 sampling points at the surface water is close to 10 -6. Level, there is a potential carcinogenic risk. The SOS / umu test showed that the carcinogenic risk of all the 14 sampling points except the one surface water sampling point was at the level of 10 ~ (-6) except the carcinogenic risk was 10 ~ (-6). Conclusions The concentration of PAHs in rural drinking water in this survey is low and the carcinogenic risk is not obvious. However, the potential carcinogenic risk of local surface water should be concerned.