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目的了解农村居民对人禽流感预防知识的掌握情况,评价开展预防人禽流感健康教育的效果。方法随机选取2个县的4个自然村,向村民开展多种形式的健康教育活动。使用调查问卷,在干预后进行评估调查。结果干预前后,目标人群对感染人禽流感原因的知晓率,密切接触禽类分别为33.2%和57.9%,食用未煮熟的禽蛋19.5%和47.5%,吃病死的禽肉59.3%和78.9%,发现病死禽应报告的知晓率分别为29.0%和74.8%,接触禽类后应洗手分别为34.9%和57.4%;认为鸭子会传播禽流感分别为35.3%和70.2%;本人有感染人禽流感的可能分别为21.2%和35.5%;禽圈养率分别为24.5%和36.5%,多种家禽分养率分别为29.3%和56.4%,差异均有统计学(P<0.05)。结论农村居民人禽流感防治知识行为水平较低。健康教育干预活动对预防禽流感有积极意义。
Objective To understand the knowledge of rural residents about prevention of bird flu and to evaluate the effect of prevention of bird flu health education. Methods Four natural villages in two counties were randomly selected to carry out various forms of health education activities for villagers. Using the questionnaire, an assessment survey was conducted after the intervention. Results Before and after the intervention, the target population’s awareness of the causes of human bird flu infection was 33.2% and 57.9% for in-close contact with birds, 19.5% and 47.5% for eating uncooked eggs, 59.3% and 78.9% for eating dead poultry, Found that dead birds should report 29.0% and 74.8% of the cases respectively, 34.9% and 57.4% respectively after handling birds, 35.3% and 70.2% of the birds should be transmitted by ducks, and I have been infected with bird flu (21.2% and 35.5% respectively). The bird captive rates were 24.5% and 36.5% respectively, and the rates of multiple poultry were 29.3% and 56.4% respectively, with statistical differences (P <0.05). Conclusion The knowledge and behavior of bird flu prevention and treatment in rural residents is low. Health education interventions have positive implications for the prevention of bird flu.