作为中国早期现代化历程中的先驱性人物,国家存亡一直是张謇的基本关怀。晚清时期,受新思潮与反传统思想的影响,加之中国面临的困难、挑战,以及退虏送穷的强烈愿望,张謇希望彻底改变隋唐以降祀佛以求福田利益的虚妄和庞大的浪费,主张排诋佛教和提倡庙产兴学。但民国初年,因传统文化与政治秩序的基本结构崩溃,社会秩序、道德规范、人心维系的问题,逐渐成为张謇的基本关怀。而提倡佛教,不自觉地否定了晚清时期的反传统思想而回向传统。 As a pioneer figure in the early modernization of China, the country’s survival has always been Zhang’s basic concern. In the late Qing Dynasty, under the influence of new ideas and anti-traditional thoughts, combined with the difficulties and challenges China faces and the strong desire of returning prisoners to the poor, Zhang Huan hoped to completely change the illusion and huge waste of sacrificing the Buddha in the Sui and Tang Dynasties for the benefit of Futian. Advocates of vassal Buddhism and advocating temple industry Xingxue. However, in the early years of the Republic of China, due to the collapse of the basic structure of traditional culture and political order, the issue of maintaining social order, moral standards, and people’s hearts gradually became the basic concern of Zhang Jian. And to promote Buddhism, unconsciously denied the anti-traditional ideas of the late Qing Dynasty and back to tradition.