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目的探讨自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)对产妇及新生儿的影响。方法采用回顾性分析方法,选择180例行硬膜外分娩镇痛、健康、单胎头位、足月临产初产妇为镇痛组。另选择同期180例条件相似,未行任何镇痛措施的自然临产产妇为对照组。比较两组产程、疼痛程度、分娩方式、缩宫素使用情况、产后出血、新生儿窒息等的差异。结果①镇痛组活跃期较对照组缩短,剖宫产率较对照组低;镇痛组疼痛程度和焦虑情绪比对照组明显减轻,产妇满意度高,其差异有统计学意义。②两组的缩宮素使用、产后出血、新生儿窒息差异无统计学意义。结论自控硬膜外分娩镇痛能明显缩短产程,降低剖宫产率,减轻产痛及产妇焦虑程度,对母婴影响小,是目前较理想的分娩镇痛方法,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To investigate the effect of controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on maternal and newborn infants. Methods Retrospective analysis was used to select 180 cases of epidural analgesia, healthy, single head position, full-term primipara for analgesia group. Another 180 cases of the same period were selected as the same conditions, without any analgesic measures of natural childbirth as a control group. The differences in labor, pain, mode of delivery, oxytocin use, postpartum hemorrhage, and neonatal asphyxia were compared. Results ① The active phase of the analgesic group was shorter than that of the control group, and the rate of cesarean section was lower than that of the control group. The degree of pain and anxiety in the analgesic group were significantly relieved compared with the control group, and the maternal satisfaction was high, the difference was statistically significant. ② The two groups of oxytocin use, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia no significant difference. Conclusion Self-controlled epidural labor analgesia can significantly reduce labor, reduce the rate of cesarean section, reduce pain and maternal anxiety, little effect on the mother and child, is the ideal method of labor analgesia, is worthy of clinical application.