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针对深空探测中的转移轨道问题,提出一种星际多目标交会转移轨道设计方法。该方法基于Tisserand原理,采用能量曲线确定交会目标的序列,由Pork-Chop图确定设计参数的可行域和时序,避免了传统方法在交会目标序列和初始轨道段设计中的缺陷。将多目标交会转移轨道设计问题归结为一种非线性多约束多变量搜索寻优问题,通过梯度下降法,选取目标函数的负梯度方向作为每步迭代的搜索方向,逐步逼近目标函数的极小值点,从而使转移轨道优化问题得到简化。最后,将本文的设计方法用于解决欧空局的ROSETTA任务深空转移轨道的设计,设计结果与欧空局公布的结果一致,从而验证了该设计方法的可行性和正确性。
Aiming at the problem of transfer orbit in deep space exploration, a method to design the interplanetary orbit transfer orbit is proposed. Based on the principle of Tisserand, the energy curve is used to determine the sequence of the rendezvous target. The Pork-Chop diagram is used to determine the feasible domain and timing of the design parameters. The proposed method avoids the defects of the traditional method in the design of the target sequence and initial orbit. The problem of multi-objective intersection transfer orbit design is reduced to a nonlinear multi-constrained multivariable search optimization problem. By using the gradient descent method, the negative gradient direction of the objective function is selected as the search direction of each iteration and the objective function is gradually approximated Value points, so that the problem of transfer orbit optimization is simplified. Finally, the design method of this paper is used to solve the design of the deep space transfer orbit of the ROSETTA mission of ESA. The design results are consistent with those published by ESA, which verifies the feasibility and correctness of the design method.