【摘 要】
：
长非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNA)是一类长度大于200 nt的RNA,在表观遗传的调控中发挥重要作用.由于缺乏编码性开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)、序列保守性低及缺乏已知的蛋白质结构域,lncRNA被认为不能编码蛋白质.随着质谱、RNA测序和核糖体分析等先进技术的快速发展和应用,短开放阅读框(short open reading frames,sORFs)被证实具有编码蛋白质的潜力.LncRNA具有sORFs并且能够与核糖体结合.另外,ln
【机 构】
：
南京医科大学基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系,南京211166
论文部分内容阅读
长非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNA)是一类长度大于200 nt的RNA,在表观遗传的调控中发挥重要作用.由于缺乏编码性开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)、序列保守性低及缺乏已知的蛋白质结构域,lncRNA被认为不能编码蛋白质.随着质谱、RNA测序和核糖体分析等先进技术的快速发展和应用,短开放阅读框(short open reading frames,sORFs)被证实具有编码蛋白质的潜力.LncRNA具有sORFs并且能够与核糖体结合.另外,lncRNA类似于mRNA也是由RNA聚合酶Ⅱ转录而来,因此lncRNA极有可能进行翻译.目前,一些在线工具和实验技术联合运用,成功检测到lncRNA编码的小肽.由于当前实验技术仍存在不足,例如小分子量的肽很难被检测到、小肽的抗体合成困难等,只有较少一部分lncRNA编码小肽被鉴定出来.LncRNA编码的小肽在生物体内发挥重要作用,例如参与胚胎发育、肌细胞发生及肿瘤发生发展等过程.其中,在肿瘤中异常表达的lncRNA编码小肽,有望成为肿瘤治疗的小分子药物、药物靶标和生物标志物,表现出诱人的应用前景.本文对常用的预测和验证lncRNA编码小肽的在线工具和实验技术进行了简单介绍,总结了lncRNA编码小肽的功能并探讨了其在肿瘤中的应用前景,同时也分析了目前研究lncRNA编码小肽所面临的挑战,为更好地理解和研究lncRNA编码小肽提供参考.
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