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中性束注入是托卡马克主要的辅助加热手段。目前先进实验超导托卡马克中性束注入(Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak-Neutral Beam Injection,EAST-NBI)装置采用的是正离子源,运行过程中离子源的部分部件有很大的热沉积,其中反向电子吸收板最为严重。经实验研究,当束功率为3.5 MW时,沉积在反向电子吸收板上的平均功率密度高达4.4 MW·m~(-2),有着较大的换热负担。为探究反向电子吸收板的极限运行时间,采用数值模拟的方法,对反向电子吸收板在不同束功率、冷却水水压等多种工况进行了计算。结果表明,电子吸收板随着束功率的增大,换热负担加重、换热效果变差,通过增压泵提高冷却水入口压力一定程度上可以提高换热能力,使其极限运行时间延长。对该课题的研究可以指导EAST-NBI的运行,以保证离子源安全、稳定工作,此外还为反向电子吸收板的进一步结构优化奠定理论基础,对发展长脉冲、高功率的离子源具有重要意义。
Neutral beam injection is the main means of auxiliary heating Tokamak. At present, the experimental advanced superconducting Tokamak-Neutral Beam Injection (EAST-NBI) device uses a positive ion source, and parts of the ion source have a large thermal deposition during operation. The most serious electronic absorption plate. Experimental studies show that when the beam power is 3.5 MW, the average power density deposited on the reverse electron absorption plate is as high as 4.4 MW · m -2, which has a large heat transfer burden. In order to explore the limit running time of the reverse electron absorption plate, numerical simulation methods were used to calculate the reverse electron absorption plate under different beam power, cooling water pressure and other conditions. The results show that with the increase of beam power, the heat transfer burden becomes heavier and the heat transfer efficiency becomes worse with the increase of beam power. The increase of the inlet pressure of cooling water by the booster pump can improve the heat transfer capacity and extend the limit operation time. The research on the subject can guide the operation of EAST-NBI to ensure the safe and stable operation of the ion source, and lay a theoretical foundation for the further structural optimization of the reverse electron absorption plate, which is important for the development of a long-pulsed and high-power ion source significance.