本文分析了31例胸腔积液的胸膜活检病理结果。结合临床、X线、胸水常规、生化、脱落细胞及CT检查结果评估了SA型胸膜活检针的临床使用价值。其结果是胸膜活检在胸水良、恶性的鉴别诊断上优于X线检查、CT检查,而劣于脱落细胞学检查。SA型胸膜活检针胸膜获取率高达92.3％,明显高于Vim—Silerman型、Cope型、改良Abrams型3种胸膜活检针。 This article analyzed the pleural biopsy results of 31 cases of pleural effusion. Clinical, X-ray, routine pleural effusion, biochemical, exfoliated cells, and CT findings were used to evaluate the clinical utility of SA-pleural biopsy needles. As a result, pleural biopsy is superior to X-ray and CT in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pleural effusions, and inferior to exfoliative cytology. The acquisition rate of SA pleural biopsy needle pleural was as high as 92.3%, which was significantly higher than that of Vim-Silerman type, Cope type, and modified Abrams type three pleural biopsy needles.