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应用3个水稻品种,设计氮、磷肥处理37个,从籽粒着生部位、谷粒体积、比重、灌浆过程、灌浆物质供应水平以及根系活力等方面,对不同栽培条件下饱粒千粒重的差异及其原因进行了探讨。(1)不同处理间全穗饱粒千粒重的极差汕优63为3.91g,Koganemasari为5.43g,9004为7.62g;(2)稻穗不同部位饱粒千粒重的提高幅度为下部枝梗籽粒大于中部枝梗籽粒,中部枝梗籽粒大于上部枝梗籽粒,一、二次枝梗趋势一致;(3)饱粒千粒重与谷壳重、谷粒体积呈极显著线性正相关,品种间表现一致,粒重与谷粒比重的关系因品种而异;(4)主要灌浆期灌浆速率越大,饱粒千粒重越高,主要灌浆期的持续时间越长,饱粒千粒重越低;(5)单位面积颖花量与饱粒千粒重呈极显著线性负相关,每朵颖花所占有灌浆物质量与饱粒千粒重呈极显著正相关;(6)提高结实期颖花根活量能显著提高饱粒千粒重,其中迟开花的下部枝梗籽粒饱粒千粒重的提高幅度明显大于早开花的上、中部枝梗籽粒,一、二次枝梗趋势一致。
Three rice cultivars were used to design 37 nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers. The differences in grain weight per plant under different cultivation conditions were analyzed from the aspects of grain bearing position, grain volume, specific gravity, filling process, supply level of grouting material and root activity. The reason is discussed. (1) The difference of grain weight per 1000 grains in different treatments was 3.91g for Shanyou 63, 5.43g for Koganemasari and 7.62g for 9004; (2) (3) Satisfactory linearity and positive correlation was found between grain weight and grain weight per 1000-grain weight in grain stems of middle branch, middle branch and middle part of branch, The relationship between grain weight and grain weight varies according to breeds. (4) The greater the grain filling rate at the main filling stage is, the higher the grain filling weight is, and the longer the filling period is, the lower the grain weight is. (5) There was a significant linear negative correlation between the amount of spikelets and the grain weight of 1000-grain weight. The grain-filling weight of each spikelet was significantly and positively correlated with the grain weight of 1000 grain. (6) Increasing the root volume of spikelets at grain- , Of which the late flowering of the lower branchlets grain-1000 grain weight increased significantly higher than the early flowering of the middle branches of the grain, the same trend of the primary and secondary branches.