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七宝黄金瓜是上海地区的传统名瓜,深受广大市民喜爱,由于长期混杂种植,使其种性退化。为了使七宝黄金瓜的品质得到恢复和提升,本研究选用1.5%(v/v)EMS浓度构建了它的甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变群体。研究结果显示:EMS诱变后的种子萌发率较对照降低,仅有55.3%;诱变后单株的子叶、叶片、茎及花等器官发生了形态学的改变;收获的果实形状、颜色、瓜棱数目、果肉厚度及中心糖度等性状均有所改变。优良变异的果实,果肉厚度最高达到2.5 cm,中心糖度达到14.2度。这些优良的变异将用于七宝黄金瓜的遗传改良,提高其品质。
Qibao gold melon is the traditional name of Shanghai melon, loved by the general public, due to long-term mixed planting, so that their species degradation. In order to restore and enhance the quality of Qibao gold melon, this study selected 1.5% (v / v) EMS concentration of its ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagens. The results showed that the germination rate of EMS seeds was 55.3% lower than that of the control. The morphological changes of the cotyledons, leaves, stems and flowers were observed after the mutagenesis. The shape, color, Melon number, pulp thickness and center sugar and other traits have changed. Excellent variation of the fruit, pulp thickness up to 2.5 cm, the center of sugar to 14.2 degrees. These fine variations will be used for the genetic improvement of Qibao gold melons to improve their quality.