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远在十九世紀后半世紀,半导体的某些特性就已被发現。但是对它系統地深入研究,只不过是最近二三十年的事。在第二次世界大战期間,利用半导体p-n結的整流作用制成的检波器,解决了真空管所不能解决的雷达技术中极高頻电路的应用問題以后,半导体科学技术获得了极为蓬勃的发展。物貭按其导电的性貭可分为三类,即导体、电介貭和半导体。导体的电阻率約为10~(-6)～10~(-4)欧姆·厘米;电介貭的电阻率約为10~(14)～10~(18)欧姆·厘米;半导体的电阻率介于导体和电介貭之間。半导体与电介貭只是有量上的差別,而半导体与导体则具本貭的差别。半导体的电阻温度系数为負。电介貭亦如是,不过只有在
As late as the second half of the nineteenth century, certain characteristics of semiconductors have been discovered. However, a systematic and in-depth study of it is only the last two or three decades. During the Second World War, the use of semiconductor p-n junction rectifier made of the detector, to solve the vacuum tube can not solve the application of very high frequency circuit radar technology, the semiconductor science and technology has been extremely vigorous development. Objects 貭 according to their conductive nature 貭 can be divided into three categories, namely, conductors, dielectric 貭 and semiconductors. The resistivity of the conductor is about 10 -6 to 10 -4 ohm · cm; the resistivity of the dielectric is about 10-14 to 10-18 ohm · cm; the resistivity of the semiconductor Between the conductor and the dielectric 貭. There is only a quantum difference between semiconductors and dielectrics, and the difference between semiconductors and conductors. Semiconductors have a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. Dielectric is also true, but only in