The principle of Marxist theory on the dialectical rela- tionship between the economic base and superstructure is an import- ant theoretical basis for recognizing the mutual relationship between social rights protection and economic development. China and the West have different practical experience in handling their relations. But a proper handling of their relations is conducive to promoting the development of human rights. It is one-sided to either emphasize too much on social rights protection or to excessively pursue economic development. The in-depth interaction between social rights protec- tion and economic development is that they promote and restrict each other. It is the right choice for human rights development with Chinese characteristics in the new era to promote social rights protection and economic development in a coordinated manner. We should not only lay a solid material foundation for social rights protection with the high quality and efficiency of economic development, but also take social rights protection as the ultimate goal and strategic means to provide sufficient driving force for economic development. And social rights protection and economic development should be synchronized.