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目的分析早产儿经外周中心静脉置管(PICC)的应用及采取相关护理的效果。方法 240例早产儿,随机分为实验组与对照组,各120例。实验组行PICC治疗,对照组采取周围静脉留置输液治疗,观察两组早产儿的治疗护理效果。结果实验组穿刺静脉应用最多的为贵要静脉,占61.67%(74/120),使用最少的为腘窝静脉,占0.83%(1/120)。实验组120例早产儿均置管成功,成功率为100.00%。实验组导管留置时间(20.25±7.86)d长于对照组(4.15±1.16)d,穿刺次数(3.98±4.05)次少于对照组(15.25±5.86)次,同时机械性静脉炎、穿刺口感染及不完全堵管等并发症发生率低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组治疗总有效率93.33%高于对照组85.83%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在早产儿治疗时通过PICC置管能够建立安全、有效的静脉通道,确保营养、药物供给,减少穿刺及留置并发症发生率,值得推荐。
Objective To analyze the application of peripheral central venous catheterization (PICC) in preterm infants and the effect of nursing. Methods 240 premature infants were randomly divided into experimental group and control group with 120 cases in each. The experimental group was treated with PICC, while the control group was treated with infusion of peripheral venous infusion. The therapeutic effect of the two groups of preterm infants was observed. Results The most commonly used vein in the experimental group was VIP, accounting for 61.67% (74/120). The least used was the popliteal vein, accounting for 0.83% (1/120). The experimental group of 120 premature children were successfully placed catheter, the success rate was 100.00%. The catheter indwelling time (20.25 ± 7.86) d in the experimental group was longer than that in the control group (4.15 ± 1.16) d, the number of puncturing times was 3.98 ± 4.05 times less than that in the control group (15.25 ± 5.86) times, meanwhile mechanical phlebitis and puncture infection Incomplete occlusion and other complications were lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The experimental group, the total effective rate 93.33% higher than the control group 85.83%, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusions The safe and effective venous access can be established through PICC catheterization in preterm infants. It is recommended to ensure the nutrition and drug supply, reduce the incidence of complications of punctures and complications.