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目的探讨上尿路结石经皮肾镜造瘘碎石术前静脉肾盂造影检查的价值。方法应用静脉注入76%泛影葡胺40ml,下腹部加压法,在规定时间内观察肾盂、肾盏、输尿管及膀胱。对适合做经皮肾镜造瘘碎石术的病例进行选择,以预测其治疗难度,增加微创碎石的成功率。结果经静脉肾盂造影筛选适合经皮肾镜造瘘碎石术病人58例,其中肾结石26例,输尿管结石32例,首次碎石成功56例,2例复杂性肾内多发结石经两次碎石成功。结论上尿路结石经皮肾镜造瘘碎石术前静脉肾盂造影能准确诊断结石的位置、形状、大小以及肾脏浓缩排泄功能,为病例选择及治疗提供可靠依据。
Objective To investigate the value of preoperative intravenous pyelography in percutaneous nephrolithotomy for upper urinary tract calculi. Methods Intravenous injection of 76% diatrizoate 40ml, the lower abdomen pressure method, within a specified time to observe the renal pelvis, calyx, ureter and bladder. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy lithotripsy cases are selected to predict the difficulty of treatment and increase the success rate of minimally invasive gravel. Results The results of intravenous pyelography screening for percutaneous nephrolithotomy lithotripsy 58 patients, including 26 cases of kidney stones, 32 cases of ureteral stones, 56 cases of first gravel success, two cases of complicated multiple intra-renal calculi after two broken Stone success. Conclusions Percutaneous nephrolithotomy and preoperative intravenous pyelography can accurately diagnose the location, shape, size and concentration of excretion of kidney in upper urinary tract calculi, which can provide a reliable basis for the selection and treatment of cases.