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美国女哲学家古尔德于1978年出版的马克思主义研究专著《马克思的社会本体论》,以马克思的《大纲》(即《1857—1858年经济学手稿》)为文本基础,提出了一个对马克思的新的理解,她认为马克思启动了对传统哲学的根本变革,实现了系统哲学和社会理论的结合,她将马克思视为一个系统的哲学家,并将马克思的这一变革重建为社会本体论。作者围绕五个主要范畴即社会、劳动、因果性、自由和正义详尽地阐发了马克思的社会本体论思想。作为对马克思的解释或理论重建,作者对文本的解读新颖而富有个性,笔者以为本书对于推进国内马克思主义的研究尤其是对于马克思主义哲学的深入研究,有不可忽视的参考价值。
A Marxist research monograph “Social Ontology of Marx” published by the American female philosopher Gould in 1978, based on Marx’s “Outline” (that is, “Manuscript of Economics of 1857-1858”), proposed a Marx’s new understanding, she thinks Marx started the fundamental transformation to the traditional philosophy, realized the system philosophy and the social theory union, she regarded Marx as a systematic philosopher, and reconstructed this change of Marx as the social noumenon s. The author elaborates Marx’s thinking on social noumenalism around five main categories: social, labor, causality, freedom and justice. As an explanation or theoretical reconstruction of Marx, the author’s interpretation of the text is novel and full of personality. I believe this book can not be ignored for promoting the study of Marxism in China, especially for the in-depth study of Marxist philosophy.