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目的了解男男性行为者(MSM)的性病相关症状及其影响因素,为性病防治及艾滋病病毒(HIV)经性传播控制工作提供依据。方法在深圳和哈尔滨两市用滚雪球方法招募MSM,采用一对一匿名问卷的方式进行调查,了解其性病相关知识和态度情况、性行为及安全套使用情况及性病相关症状出现情况,并以是否出现性病相关症状为因变量,分析其影响因素。结果共调查603名MSM。调查对象中HIV确证阳性率为10.4%,梅毒抗体阳性率为14.9%,最近6个月内性病相关症状出现率为15.4%。调查对象性病知识总体正确率为79.7%,83.4%性病知识获得途径为网络。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,未坚持使用安全套[比值比(OR)=2.293,P<0.05]和HIV阳性(OR=2.111,P<0.05)是导致出现性病相关症状的危险因素。结论 MSM性病知识水平有待进一步提高,同时,性病症状可能促进HIV在该人群中传播,因此应采取相应措施提高该人群求医行为及安全套坚持使用率。
Objective To understand the STD-related symptoms and its influencing factors in MSM and to provide basis for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and sexual transmission of HIV. Methods The MSM was recruited by the snowballing method in Shenzhen and Harbin and the one-on-one anonymous questionnaire was used to investigate the related knowledge and attitudes of STDs, the use of sexual behaviors and condoms, and the occurrence of STD-related symptoms. STD-related symptoms as dependent variables, analysis of its influencing factors. Results A total of 603 MSMs were investigated. The positive rate of HIV confirmed in the survey was 10.4%, the positive rate of syphilis antibody was 14.9%, and the incidence of STD-related symptoms in the latest 6 months was 15.4%. The overall correct rate of STD knowledge was 79.7% and 83.4% of the STD knowledge was obtained from the network. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that non-adherence to condom use [OR = 2.293, P <0.05] and HIV positive (OR = 2.111, P <0.05) were risk factors for STD-related symptoms. Conclusions MSM STD knowledge level needs to be further improved. At the same time, STD symptoms may promote HIV transmission in this group of people. Therefore, appropriate measures should be taken to improve the crowd’s medical practice and condom use rate.