通过对文献中提出的有关钡系统热阴极的数据,特别是用近代表面分析仪器所获得的数据的综合和分析,我们得到一个统一的理论,即动态表面发射中心模型。在氧化物阴极中,钡吸附在碱土金属氧化物上;在钡钨阴极中,钡吸附在铝酸盐或钨酸盐等上都可以形成发射中心。发射中心应该大到足以屏蔽基金属所产生的势场,但又应小到有利于电子从基金属到中心的传递,最后对表面发射中心的组成和动态性质也进行了讨论。 Through the synthesis and analysis of the literature on the hot cathode of barium system, especially the data obtained by modern surface analysis instruments, we get a unified theory that dynamic surface emission center model. In oxide cathodes, barium is adsorbed on alkaline earth oxides; in barium tungsten cathodes, barium sorption can form emission centers on aluminates or tungstates, and the like. The launch center should be large enough to shield the potential field generated by the metal, but it should be small enough to facilitate the transfer of electrons from the metal to the metal center. Finally, the composition and dynamic nature of the surface launch center are also discussed.