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目的 探索南通市有钉螺无血吸虫病流行的原因,验证既往研究结论,为该类地区血吸虫病监测提供科学依据。方法 采用控制现场试验方法,现场观察人工输入血吸虫毛蚴感染钉螺情况,同时实验室比较观察“有螺无病”和“有螺有病”区土壤对血吸虫毛蚴感染钉螺的影响。结果 除如东县新店镇汤园村(有螺无病)现场光壳螺组外,实验钉螺在“有螺无病”和“有螺有病”现场控制环境均可以被血吸虫毛蚴感染。各组光壳钉螺感染率低于肋壳钉螺,但无统计学意义;各组光壳钉螺死亡率高于肋壳钉螺,差异有统计学意义(χ_(新店)~2=135.118,χ_(双甸)~2=122.836,χ_(白蒲)~2=154.436,χ_(丁堰)~2=138.288,χ_(对照)~2=151.923,P均<0.01)。“有螺无病”和“有螺有病”区土壤试验组钉螺感染率差异无统计学意义(χ_(如皋)~2=0.071,χ_(如东)~2=0.216,P均>0.05),各组与无土实验对照组差异亦无统计学意义(χ~2=7.148,P>0.05)。结论 南通地区“有螺无病”区在输入足够数量血吸虫病传染源后有可能形成血吸虫病的传播,有必要开展血吸虫病和钉螺监测工作。
Objective To explore the causes of schistosomiasis schistosomiasis in Nantong and to verify the conclusion of previous studies and provide a scientific basis for monitoring schistosomiasis in this area. Methods The control field test method was used to observe the situation of intimidation of S. japonicum infected by mirabilis by artificial input. Meanwhile, the laboratory was used to observe the effect of soil on infection of S. japonicum with miracidosis. Results In addition to the spot light shell snail group in Tangyuan Village, Xindian Town, Rudong County, experimental snails could be infected by Schistosoma japonicum in the field control environment of “snail-free disease” and “snail-sickness”. The infection rate of snail in the light shell of each group was lower than that of the rib shell snail, but there was no statistical significance. The mortality of snail in the light shell of each group was higher than that of the rib shell snail (χ_ (Xindian) ~ 2 = 135.118, χ_ 2 ~ 122.836, χ_ (Bai Pu) ~ 2 = 154.436, χ_ (weir) ~ 2 = 138.288, χ_ (control) ~ 2 = 151.923, P <0.01). There were no significant differences in infection rates of snails between soil test group and control group with snail disease (χ_ (Rugao) ~ 2 = 0.071, χ_ (Rudong) ~ 2 = 0.216, P> 0.05) There was no significant difference between each group and soilless control group (χ ~ 2 = 7.148, P> 0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to carry out schistosomiasis and snail monitoring in the “snail-free” area in Nantong area after the source of enough schistosomiasis is input.