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1987年,世界环境与发展委员会将可持续发展的理念提上全球议程,并很快得到广泛认可。自此,各国专家学者致力于诠释不同领域可持续发展的内涵,以及开发衡量工具。在河流系统的研究领域中,提出了将河流的健康状况与经济发展和社会效益统一的河流可持续性理念。本文进一步提出了一个量化河流可持续性的综合方法,并将综合河流可持续发展指数(CRSI)应用于黄河研究,旨在为流域统一管理的多目标决策提供科学证据。方法:提出了一个衡量多维概念的方法,如衡量环境质量(阿特金森等,1997;经济合作与发展组织,2004)。本研究旨在开发一个CRSI,以充分利用其灵活、强大和界面友好的特性。用过程分析方法(PAM)生成具有正式且透明的可持续性指标,因此用该方法来构建一个CRSI。案例研究:黄河是中国第二长河,穿越华北平原,全长5 464 km,流域面积为79.5万km2。作为中国北方的主要水源,黄河为全国12%的人口和约15%的总灌溉面积提供水源。河流可持续理念需要一个广泛的、清晰的定义。这进一步表明它需要进行定量衡量。讨论了如何通过生成对应于环境、社会和经济指标来构建一个CRSI。
In 1987, the World Commission on Environment and Development put the concept of sustainable development on the global agenda and was quickly recognized. Since then, experts and scholars from various countries have devoted themselves to explaining the connotation of sustainable development in different fields and developing measurement tools. In the research field of river system, the concept of river sustainability is put forward to unify the state of river health with economic development and social benefits. This paper further proposes an integrated method to quantify the sustainability of rivers and applies the CRSI to the study of the Yellow River to provide scientific evidence for the multi-objective decision-making of unified management in the basin. Methods: A methodology for measuring multidimensional concepts is proposed, such as measuring environmental quality (Atkinson et al., 1997; Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2004). This research aims to develop a CRSI to take full advantage of its flexible, powerful and user-friendly features. Using Process Analytical Methodology (PAM) to generate formal and transparent sustainability metrics, this approach is used to build a CRSI. Case Study: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. It crosses the North China Plain with a total length of 5 464 km and a catchment area of 795,000 km2. As a major source of water in northern China, the Yellow River provides water for 12% of the country’s population and about 15% of the total irrigated area. River sustainability requires a broad and clear definition. This further shows that it needs to be measured quantitatively. Discusses how to build a CRSI by generating metrics that correspond to environmental, social, and economic aspects.