直肠癌是常见的下消化道恶性肿瘤之一,外科手术是目前主要的治疗方法。但局部复发及转移又是术后死亡的主要原因。低位直肠癌病死率较高,其原因是多方面的(如血道播散、淋巴转移及局部复发),其中淋巴结转移是主要的原因。目前学术界对低位直肠癌行全直肠系膜切除(total mesorec Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the lower digestive tract. Surgery is currently the mainstay of treatment. However, local recurrence and metastasis is the main cause of postoperative death. Lower rectal cancer mortality is high, its causes are many (such as hematogenous dissemination, lymph node metastasis and local recurrence), of which lymph node metastasis is the main reason. The current academic community for low rectal cancer total mesorectal excision (total mesorec