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在德国哲学中,意志以两种形态出現:理性意志和非理性意志。从康德开始,经费希特和谢林到黑格尔的德国古典哲学中,理性意志占着主导地位。之后,叔本华第一个站出来反对黑格尔并试图将意志从理性主义的藩篱中拉出来。尼采则在此基础上成为一个极端的非理性主义者。德国哲学由理性意志到非理性主义的达一转向,是一种时代现象,有着深刻的社会历史根源和认识根源。
In German philosophy, the will appears in two forms: the will of reason and the will of irrationality. From the beginning of Kant, the funding of Hitler and Schelling to Hegel’s classical German philosophy, the will to dominate the rational. After that, Schopenhauer first stood up against Hegel and tried to pull his will out of the fence of rationalism. On this basis, Nietzsche became an extreme non-rationalist. The change of German philosophy from rational volition to non-rationalism is a phenomenon of the times and has profound roots of social history and cognition.