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【目的】研究不同施氮量对滴灌冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响。【方法】在大田滴灌条件下,设置180kg/hm2(N1)、240 kg/hm2(N2)、300 kg/hm2(N3)、360 kg/hm2(N4)4个施氮量处理,研究不同施氮量对冬小麦叶面积指数(LAI)、叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、光合特性及产量和产量构成的影响。【结果】随着施氮量的增加,冬小麦的LAI、SPAD值以及净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)均呈“先增后降”的变化规律,在N3处理达到最大;胞间CO2浓度(Ci)呈先“先降后增”的变化,在N3处理最低。施氮量对收获穗数影响不大,但穗粒数、千粒重、总生物量和收获指数均表现为:N3>N4>N2>N1;产量以N3处理最高,为9 540.15 kg/hm2,分别较N1、N2、N4处理产量提高了24.72%、14.44%和6.23%,达显著或极显著性差异水平。【结论】冬小麦的最适施氮量为300 kg/hm2。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of drip irrigation in winter wheat. 【Method】 Under the condition of field drip irrigation, four nitrogen application rates of 180 kg / hm2 (N1), 240 kg / hm2 (N2), 300 kg / hm2 (N3) and 360 kg / hm2 Effect of nitrogen on leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic characteristics, yield and yield components of winter wheat. 【Result】 The results showed that the LAI, SPAD, Pn, Tr and Gs of winter wheat increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate , Reached the maximum at N3 treatment; the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) changed first and then decreased first and then increased, and reached the lowest in N3 treatment. The amount of nitrogen applied had little effect on the number of ears harvested, but the grains per spike, thousand-grain weight, total biomass and harvest index all showed N3> N4> N2> N1. The highest N3 yield was 9 540.15 kg / hm2 Compared with N1, N2, N4, the yield of treatment increased by 24.72%, 14.44% and 6.23%, respectively, reaching significant or extremely significant differences. 【Conclusion】 The optimum nitrogen application rate of winter wheat was 300 kg / hm2.