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诱导多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iP SCs)是指通过转入外源转录因子将体细胞重编程为具有胚胎干细胞(embryo stem cells,ESCs)特性与功能的一种细胞。iP SCs在细胞治疗、体外疾病模型建立与机理研究、药物发现及评价等方面有着巨大的潜在应用价值。近年来,重编程技术发展快速,然而仍处在了解细胞重编程机制的早期阶段。小分子化合物作为一种简单的操作工具,可以调控细胞的不同信号通路、表观遗传及新陈代谢等。在重编程过程中,它能够显著提高iP SCs的重编程效率,可以替代相关转录因子进行重编程,也可以促进初始态多能性(Na6ve)的转化。文章旨在总结近几年来小分子化合物在诱导体细胞重编程中的作用,为进一步完善iP SCs重编程技术提供参考。
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are cells that reprogram somatic cells into embryonic stem cells (ESCs) through the transfer of exogenous transcription factors. iP SCs have great potential applications in cell therapy, establishment of in vitro disease models and mechanism research, drug discovery and evaluation. In recent years, reprogramming technology has developed rapidly, yet it is still at an early stage of understanding the mechanism of cell reprogramming. As a simple operation tool, small molecule compounds can regulate different signaling pathways, epigenetic and metabolism of cells. During reprogramming, it can significantly improve the reprogramming efficiency of iP SCs, reprogram the relevant transcription factors, and promote the transformation of the initial state of pluripotency (Na6ve). The purpose of this article is to summarize the role of small molecule compounds in the induction of somatic cell reprogramming in recent years and provide references for further improvement of iP SCs reprogramming technology.