目的比较选择性结直肠手术前不同肠道准备方案的效果。方法选择2015年4月—2017年3月病理检查确诊的大肠癌患者120例,将其随机分为实验1、2、3组各40例。实验1组于术前3 d进半流质饮食,且每晚口服石蜡油30 ml;于术前1 d进流质饮食,且于术前1 d的16:00给予25%硫酸镁清肠液200 ml与5%葡萄糖盐水1500 ml。实验2组于术前3 d进半流质饮食,且每晚口服石蜡油30 ml;于术前1 d进流质饮食,且于术前1 d的16:00给予13.2%磷酸钠清肠液250 ml与5%葡萄糖盐水1 000 ml。实验3组于术前1 d开始进流质饮食,并于16:00给予13.2%磷酸钠清肠液250 ml与5%葡萄糖盐水1 000 ml。比较两组手术前后体重;观察术中肠道清洁情况,肠道清洁为优,少量粪水为良,较多粪水为一般,有成型便为差;Dixon手术中留取肠液与门静脉系统血液进行需氧菌与厌氧菌培养;观察并发症发生情况。计量资料比较采用方差分析,计数资料比较采用χ~2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果手术前实验1、2、3组体重分别为(57.19±7.75)、(57.9 4±8.83)、(57.60±6.82)kg;手术后实验1、2、3组体重分别为(52.01±4.9 2)、(51.9 4±6.05)、(55.04±5.27)kg。手术前三组体重比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);手术后三组体重均较手术前下降,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术后实验1、2组体重与实验3组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验1组清肠效果优良率为90.00%、实验2组优良率为95.00%,实验3组优良率为87.50%。三组优良率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验1组细菌培养阳性率>实验2组>实验3组,但各组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验1组发生切口感染3例、腹腔感染0例、吻合口漏1例;实验2组发生切口感染3例、腹腔感染0例、吻合口漏0例;实验3组发生切口感染2例、腹腔感染1例、吻合口漏1例。三组并发症发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论选择性结直肠手术前应用磷酸钠行1 d肠道准备效果优于硫酸镁,安全可行。 Objective To compare the effects of different bowel preparation programs before selective colorectal surgery. Methods A total of 120 patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed from April 2015 to March 2017 were enrolled in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups of 40 cases. The experimental group 1 was fed semi-liquid diet 3 d before operation and oral paraffin oil 30 ml every night. The liquid diet was administered 1 d before operation and 200 ml 1500 ml with 5% dextrose in saline. The rats in experimental group 2 were fed semi-liquid diet 3 d before operation and were given oral paraffin oil 30 ml per night. The rats were fed with liquid diet 1 d before operation and 250 ml of 13.2% 1 000 ml with 5% dextrose in saline. The experimental group 3 started to enter the liquid diet on the first day before operation, and 250 ml of 13.2% sodium phosphate clear juice and 1000 ml of 5% dextrose saline were given at 16:00. The body weight of the two groups was compared before and after surgery. The intraoperative intestinal cleanliness, intestinal cleanliness was excellent, a small amount of manure water was good, more manure water was normal, and the shape was worse. In the Dixon operation, intestinal juice and portal vein blood Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria culture; observe the incidence of complications. Measurement data were compared using analysis of variance, count data were compared using χ ~ 2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The body weights of the experimental group 1,2,3 and 57 before operation were (57.19 ± 8.73) and (57.60 ± 6.82) kg, respectively. The body weights of the experimental group 1,2,3 and 52 after operation were (52.01 ± 4.9 2 ), (51.9 4 ± 6.05), (55.04 ± 5.27) kg. There was no significant difference in body weight between the three groups before surgery (P> 0.05). The body weights of the three groups after operation were significantly lower than those before operation (P <0.05) The difference between the three groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). The excellent and good rate of bowel function in experimental group 1 was 90.00%, the excellent and good rate in experimental group 2 was 95.00%, the excellent and good rate in experimental group 3 was 87.50%. There was no significant difference in the excellent and good rates among the three groups (P> 0.05). The positive rate of bacterial culture in experimental group 1 was> experimental group 2> experimental group 3, but there was no significant difference between the groups (P> 0.05). There were 3 cases of incision infection, 0 case of abdominal infection and 1 case of anastomotic leakage in experimental group 1. There were 3 cases of incisional infection, 0 case of abdominal infection and 0 case of anastomotic leakage in experimental group 2. There were 2 cases of incisional infection in experimental group 3, Infection in 1 case, anastomotic leakage in 1 case. There was no significant difference in the complication between the three groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions The pretreatment of selective colorectal surgery with sodium phosphate for 1 d is superior to magnesium sulfate in intestinal preparation, which is safe and feasible.