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目的：配合医疗保险制度的改革，控制药品费用过快的增长和规范医生处方行为。方法：采取１９９３年世界卫生组织基本药物行动委员会合理用药国际网络编著的《医疗单位合理用药调研方法与指标》中的处方指标和补充指标作统计分析。结果：实施《用药报销范围》后，每次就诊的处方药物平均品种数（２．３８种）、每百例次就诊使用抗生素的比例（３７．３６％）、抗生素占全部药费的百分率（２３．５０％）、每百例次使用针剂的比例（１５．１７％）和针剂占全部药费的百分率（１０．５２％），５项指标均较实施前降低。在相同付费方式的比较中，大病统筹处方每百例次使用抗生素的比例从实施前的３２．７９％降至实施后的３．４４％。公费医疗处方中每百例次就诊使用针剂的比例从实施前的７．３４％降至实施后的３．９９％。结论：《用药报销范围》的出台是卫生改革的深入，有利于医疗单位合理用药，具有可操作性和有效性。当前合理用药监控的重点指标是：每次就诊的处方药物平均品种数、每次就诊平均药费、每百例次就诊使用抗生素的比例及每百例次就诊使用针剂的比例
Objective: To cope with the reform of the medical insurance system, to control the excessive growth of drug costs and to regulate the prescription of doctors. Methods: Taking the prescription index and supplemental index in the “Methods and Indicators for the Rational Use of Drugs in Medical Units” edited by the International Network for the Rational Use of Pharmaceuticals of the 1993 Basic Medicine Action Committee of the World Health Organization for statistical analysis. Results: The average number of prescription drugs (2.38) per treatment, the percentage of antibiotics used per 100 cases (37.36%), the percentage of total antibiotics (% 23.50%), the proportion of injections used per 100 cases (15.17%) and the total amount of drugs injected (10.52%), all of which were lower than before. In the comparison of the same payment method, the proportion of antibiotics administered per 100 cases of serious illness co-ordinated prescriptions dropped from 32.79% before implementation to 3.44% after implementation. The proportion of injections per 100 cases in public medical prescriptions decreased from 7.34% before implementation to 3.99% after implementation. Conclusion: The promulgation of the scope of reimbursement of medical expenses is the deepening of health reform and is conducive to the rational use of medicines by medical units. It is feasible and effective. At present, the key indicators of rational drug use monitoring are: the average number of varieties of prescription drugs for each visit, the average cost of each visit, the proportion of antibiotics used per one hundred visits and the proportion of injections used for one hundred visits