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本研究对尼泊尔全国药用植物的年产量及商业价值进行了评估。我们对尼泊尔15个地区的当地药用植物交易者(n=149)和印度的地区批发商(n=53)进行了无限制问卷调查,借以收集数据。据估计,年交易额的范围为7000～27 000t,案例年份1997～1998年的产量为14 500t。按印度主要市场的地区批发商购买价格计算,相应的年出口额估计为700～3000万美元,1997～1998年为1600万美元。约有10%的农户参与了商品化采集。低海拔生态区在产量和价值两方面均占优势;就价值而言,药草是最重要的生活型。约有36%的产量和51%的价值来自破坏性采集。有人认为,年产量和价值数据仍有可能属于保守估计。本文还简短讨论了本研究结果对喜马拉雅药用植物保护及贸易的意义。
This study evaluates the annual production and commercial value of national medicinal plants in Nepal. We conducted an unlimited survey of local medicinal plant traders (n = 149) in 15 parts of Nepal and regional wholesalers in India (n = 53) to collect data. It is estimated that the annual turnover ranged from 7,000 to 27,000 tons, with a production of 14,500 tons from 1997 to 1998. Calculated on the basis of the purchase price of regional wholesalers in major Indian markets, the corresponding annual export value is estimated at between $ 7,000 and $ 30 million and between $ 16 million and 1997-2008. About 10% of farmers participate in the commercial collection. Low-altitude eco-zones dominate both yield and value; in terms of value, herbs are the most important type of life. About 36% of production and 51% of the value come from destructive harvesting. Some people think that the annual output and value data may still be conservative estimates. This article also briefly discusses the significance of the results of this study for the protection and trade in medicinal plants in Himalayas.